Lithium Battery Fire: Why Do These Keep Happening?
Did you see? It happened again. On Tuesday, a truck carrying literal tons of lithium batteries caught fire after a crash, shutting down a portion of the 95 which is a major issue for people who were traveling to and from Reno. Don’t confuse that lithium battery fire with the one that happened on Interstate 15 in July that had the road shut down for nearly two days.
Obviously with many of us either driving around in, or considering driving, an electric car, you might want to know why these fires are so outrageous.
Why Fighting A Lithium Battery Fire Is A Hard Task
Lithium battery fires are particularly notorious because of the chemistry involved in their construction. When a lithium battery catches fire, it’s not your average blaze. These batteries are packed with energy-dense materials, which means they have a lot of power in a small package.
When a lithium battery fire starts, it can be incredibly difficult to extinguish due to the chemical reactions within the battery. These reactions can generate a significant amount of heat, which then feeds back into the reaction, creating a vicious cycle. It’s like a tiny, angry inferno that just won’t take no for an answer, or water as an extinguisher.
Lithium batteries contain flammable electrolytes, and when these materials are exposed to air, especially when the battery casing is damaged, they can ignite explosively. The high energy density, combined with potential manufacturing defects, improper handling, or exposure to extreme temperatures, can lead to catastrophic failures.
Lithium Batteries Are Everywhere, Not Just In Electric Cars
Before you start eyeing your gadgets with suspicion, it’s important to remember that lithium battery technology is generally quite stable and safe. Millions of devices use lithium batteries without incident every day. Advances in battery technology and safety measures continue to improve, making lithium batteries a reliable power source for everything from smartphones to electric toothbrushes.
The key is recognizing when something is damaged enough where the integrity of the battery is jeopardized. A puncture to the battery in your often dropped phone could cause a short but wild fire that looks like the re-entrance of Satan to Earth. Driving your Tesla over a jagged piece of metal could potentially puncture the protective cover underneath the car. One cell goes, the whole car may go.
When it comes to cars, the NTSB estimates that there are 25 electric car fires per 100,000 sold. Gas cars? Try over 1500 fires per 100,000 sold. Although it is worth noting gasoline fires tend to be easier to put out. Still, the difference is staggering.
So, while it’s good to be aware of the potential risks, you don’t need to panic. Just treat your devices with care, avoid extreme conditions, don’t make the truck next to you tip over and remember: your car or phone isn’t plotting against you—probably.